EFFECT OF YOGIC PRACTICES WITH MUD THERAPY ON PULSE RATE AND BODY MASS INDEX AMONG TYPE 2 DIABETIC WOMEN

 

* Dr. S. MURUGESAN ** Dr. R. ELANGOVAN, *Associate Professor, Faculty of Yoga Sciences and Therapy, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), No.12, Vembuliamman Koil Street, West K.K.Nagar, Chennai-78, Tamil Nadu, India. E- Mail ID: murugeshyoga@gmail.com **Professor & Head, Faculty of Yoga Sciences and Therapy, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be university), No.12, Vembuliamman Koil Street, West K.K.Nagar, Chennai-78, Tamil Nadu, India.  E-Mail ID: relangovantnpesu@gmail.com.

 

ABSTRACT

            The present random group experimental study was designed to find out the effect of yogic practices with mud therapy on pulse rate and body mass index among type 2 diabetic women. To achieve the purpose of the study, thirty (30) type 2 diabetic women residing in Chennai aged between 40-60 were selected randomly in two groups, namely experimental group and control group of fifteen (15) subjects each.  It was hypothesized that there would be significant difference in yogic practices with mud therapy than the control group on pulse rate and body mass index among type 2 diabetic women. Training period of this study was twelve weeks. Experimental group underwent yoga practices with mud therapy practices for twelve (12) weeks, six days a week for a maximum of one hour in the morning. The control group was kept in active rest.  The pretest and post-test were conducted before and after the training for both the groups. Analysis of co-variance (ANCOVA) was used to find out the significant differences between experimental group and the control group.  The results of the study on the selected variables proved that the Experimental Group showed significant differences than the Control Group on Pulse rate (decreased) and Body mass index (decreased) due to yogic practices with Mud therapy. The hypothesis was accepted at 0.05 level of confidence.  Hence it was concluded that yogic practices with Mud therapy are beneficial to the type 2 diabetic women to maintain healthy pulse rate and body mass index.

 

Key words: yogic practice, Pulse rate, body mass index, Mud Therapy, type 2 diabetic women

 

INTRODUCTION

The time and money spent on health-related activities is an investment and not an expense. The World Health Organization projected the world-wide increase in diabetics likely to reach 35% by the year 2035.  In India, an estimated 67 million people have diabetics the highest number compared to any other country in the world and 30 million pre- diabetes. Studies show that there is an increase in type 2 diabetes in India. Research suggests that one in ten in Tamil Nadu is affected by diabetic. Diabetes mellitus is most common chronic disease, lifelong condition that affects the body ability to use the energy found in food. There are two major types of diabetes type 1 and type 2. All the types of diabetes have something in common.

 

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The objective of the study was to find out whether there would be any significant difference on selected physiological variable such as pulse rate and body mass index due to yogic practices with Mud therapy among middle aged Type 2 diabetic women.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

The purpose of the study was to find out the effect of yogic practices with Mud therapy on pulse rate and body mass index among type 2 diabetic women.

 

HYPOTHESIS

            It was hypothesized that there would be significant difference due to yoga practices with Mud therapy on pulse rate and body mass index among  type 2 diabetic women than the control group.

 

DELIMITATIONS

• The study was delimited to the women from Chennai city only
• Age of subjects was ranged from 40 to 60 years only.
• The subjects were type 2 diabetic women only.
• Independent variables were yogic practices with Mud therapy only.
• The dependent variables were restricted to pulse rate and body mass index only.

 

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

            Kosuri, M., & Sridhar, G. R. (2009) conducted the study on the Yoga practice in diabetes improves physical and psychological outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of yoga practice on clinical and psychological outcomes in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In a 40-day yoga camp at the Institute of Yoga and Consciousness, ambulatory subjects with T2DM not having significant complications (n = 35) participated in a 40-day yoga camp, where yogic practices were overseen by trained yoga teachers. Clinical, biochemical, and psychological well-being were studied at baseline and at the end of the camp.

It was found that the reduction of body mass index (BMI) (26.514 ± 3.355 to 25.771 ± 3.40; P < 0.001) and anxiety (6.20 ± 3.72 to 4.29 ± 4.46; P < 0.05) and an improvement in total general well-being (48.6 ± 11.13 to 52.66 ± 52.66 ± 12.87; P < 0.05). It was concluded that the Participation of subjects with T2DM in yoga practice for 40 days resulted in reduced BMI, improved well-being, and reduced anxiety.

 

            Sathyanath, (2018), conducted a study on the impact of cold mud pack on abdomen and eyes on the autonomic control of heart rate. 30 healthy volunteers were recruited for the study. All the volunteers were subjected to two sessions of treadmill run up to 10 minutes and subsequently on supine rest.  Their first session was considered under Control trial, during which they were given a dry abdomen and eye pack after the treadmill run for 20 minutes. With a gap of 15 days in between, in the experimental trial they were given cold mud pack to abdomen and eyes during the supine rest after the treadmill run. HRV Assessments were done during the intervention and their BP and pulse were recorded immediate after the intervention. In the present study among the two evaluations, all HRV parameters in time domain and HF of frequency domain remain increased during the mud pack trial. Whereas LF of frequency domain, LF/HF ratio, HR and PR  during mud pack trial is found to decrease.   Blood Pressure (SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) also got reduced. This is suggestive of improvement in the sympatho-vagal balance reflecting. It was concluded that simultaneous application  of  cold  mud  packs  on  the  abdomen  and eyes   enhances the parasympathetic activity and could have a role in maintaining the cardiac tone and preventing various cardiovascular ailments.parasympathetic    domination    produced    among    the    subjects    after    Mud    pack intervention.

 

METHODOLOGY

            For the purpose of this random group experimental study, thirty (30) aged type 2 diabetic diabetics men in Chennai were selected at random as subjects based on their pulse rate and systolic blood pressure and their age was ranged from 40 to 60 years. Yogic practices with mud therapy were given six days (Monday to Saturday) per week for twelve weeks. All the subjects were randomly assigned to experimental group and control group each consisted of 15 subjects. 

Experimental group was involved in yogic practices with mud therapy practices for twelve (12) weeks, control group kept in active rest.

 

The yogic practices with mud therapy given to experimental group include, prayer, Loosening the joining, Suryanamakar, Tadasana, Trikonasana, Ardhakatichakrasana, Paschimottasana, Ustrasana, Ardhamatsyendrasana, Tandasana, Bhujangasana, Salabasana, Dhanurasana, Navasana, Sarvangasana, Savasana, Nadishudhi, Kapalabati, Japa Meditation and yoga nidra (Relaxation) and  Mud therapy; Red soil/black soil Techniques. Initially pre-test was taken and after the experimental period of twelve weeks, post-test was taken from all the two groups. The differences between initial and final pulse rate and systolic blood pressure were considered as the effect of yogic practices with mud therapy on selected subjects. Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was used to find out the difference among the experimental group and control groups. The test of significance was fixed as 0.05 level of confidence.

 

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

            The data pertaining to the variables collected from the two groups before and after the training period were statistically analyzed by using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) to determine the significant difference and tested at 0.05 level of significance.

 

RESULTS ON PULSE RATE

               The Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) on pulse rate through yogic practices with mud therapy practices and control group was analyzed and are presented in Table-I.

Table-I

COMPUTATION OF ANALYSIS OF COVARIANCE OF TRAINING GROUPS AND CONTROL GROUP ON PULSE RATE (in numbers)

Test	EXP GROUP	CON GROUP	SV	SS	Df	MS	F
Pre test Mean	81.66	80.53	Between	9.63	1	9.63	0.63
			Within	425.06	28	15.18
Post test Mean	69.46	81.2	Between	1032.53	1	516.26	40.81*
			Within	354.13	28	12.64
Adjusted test Mean	69.29	81.37	Between	1069.58	1	534.79	45.81*
			Within	315.14	27	11.67
mean difference	12.2	0.66

*Significant at 0.05 level of confidence (Table F-ratio at 0.05 level of confidence for 2 and 28 (df) =4.20, 1 and 27 (df) =4.21).

 

As shown in Table II, the obtained F value on post test means was 40.81, which was greater than the required table value of 4.20 the study was significances. Taking into consideration of the pre test means and post test means adjusted post test means were determined and analysis of covariance was done and the obtained F value 45.81 was greater than the required table value of 4.21 and hence it was accepted that there was significant differences among the treated groups.

 

Bar diagram showing the mean difference of experiment group and control group on Pulse Rate (in Counts)

*Significant at 0.05 level of confidence (Table F-ratio at 0.05 level of confidence for 2 and 28 (df) =4.20, 1 and 27 (df) =4.21).

Table-II

COMPUTATION OF ANALYSIS OF COVARIANCE OF TRAINING GROUPS AND CONTROL GROUP ON BODY MASS INDEX (in kg/m²)

Test	EXP GROUP	CON GROUP	SV	SS	Df	MS	F
Pre test Mean	29.25	28.86	Between	1.12	1	1.12	0.59
			Within	52.65	28	1.88
Post test Mean	25.5	29.17	Between	101.20	1	50.60	25.61*
			Within	55.30	28	1.97
Adjusted test Mean	25.38	29.28	Between	111.32	1	55.66	39.31*
			Within	38.23	27	1.41
mean difference	3.75	0.30

*Significant at 0.05 level of confidence (Table F-ratio at 0.05 level of confidence for 2 and 28 (df) =4.20, 1 and 27 (df) =4.21).

 

 

As shown in Table I, The obtained F value on posttest means was 25.61, which was greater than the required table value of 4.20 the study was significances. Taking into consideration of the pre test means and post test means adjusted post test means were determined and analysis of covariance was done and the obtained F value 39.31 was greater than the required table value of 4.21 and hence it was accepted that there was significant differences among the treated groups.

Bar diagram showing the mean difference of experiment group and control group on

 Body mass index (in kg/m²)

*Significant at 0.05 level of confidence (Table F-ratio at 0.05 level of confidence for 2 and 28 (df) =4.20, 1 and 27 (df) =4.21).

 

CONCULSIONS 

            It was concluded that there was significant reduction on pulse rate and Body mass Index among type 2 diabetic women, due to yogic practices with mud therapy than the control group.

 

REFERENCE

 

1. Kosuri, M., & Sridhar, G. R. (2009).“Yoga practice in diabetes improves physical and psychological outcomes”, Metabolic syndrome and related disorders, 7(6), Pp.515-518.
2. Sathyanath, (2018), “The impact of cold mud pack on  abdomen and eyes on the autonomic control of heart rate”. The Tamil Nadu Dr.M.G.R.Medical University, Chennai.