EFFECT OF YOGIC PRACTICES ON HEARTRATE AND ANXIETY AMONG URBAN SCHOOL BOYS SUFFERING  WITH DYSLEXIA

*V.SURESH,**Dr.P.T.KOMALA*Ph.D., Scholar (Full -Time), Faculty of Yoga Science and Therapy, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research(Deemed to be University), K.K Nagar, Chennai 600078, Tamil Nadu, India. Email:sureshveera888@yahoo.com. **Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Meenakshi Medical College Hospital and Research Institute (Deemed to be University), Kancheepuram-631552

 

ABSTRACT

The purpose of the random group experimental study was to find out the effect of Yogic Practices on Heart rate and Anxiety among Urban School boys suffering with Dyslexia. For the purpose of the study, 30 Urban School boys suffering with Dyslexia were selected randomly using random sampling method from Chennai between the age group of 8 and 12 years and they were divided into two groups I, and II with 15 subjects each.  It was hypothesized that there would be significant differences among the Urban School boys suffering with Dyslexia on selected physiological and psychological variables such as heart rate and anxiety than the control group. Preliminary test was conducted for two Groups on heart rate and anxiety before the start of the training program. Group I subjects were given Yogic practices for 60 minutes, six days a week for a total period of eight weeks. Group II (Control Group) were in active rest. After the experimental period, the two groups were retested again on the same selected dependent variables. Analysis of co-variance (ANCOVA) was used to find out the significant differences between the experimental group and the control group. The test of significance was fixed at 0.05 level of confidence. The results of the study proved that the Experimental Group showed significant differences on selected physiological and psychological variables such as Heartrate (decreased) and Anxiety (reduced) than the Control Group due to Yogic practices among Urban School boys suffering with Dyslexia. The hypothesis was accepted at 0.05 level of confidence. Hence it is concluded that Yogic practices are beneficial to the Urban School boys suffering with Dyslexia to maintain Heartrate and Anxiety. Key words: Yogic Practices, Heartrate, Anxiety, Dyslexia.

 INTRODUCTION Dyslexia

       Dyslexia is a neurological processing problem can interfere with basic learning skills such as spelling and reading. The word Dyslexia is originated from the Greek word such as “Dys” meaning difficult and “Lexia” meaning language. On the whole it is called as learning disability. Dyslexic children find difficulty in reading, writing and spelling. Even their social skills are also not up to the mark. 

Since difficulties in studies during the school years, dyslexias. Sign and symptoms are after diagnosed during that period. Dyslexia neither be cured nor be fixed. The appropriate support from the parents and the teachers are the easiest ways to face this lifelong challenge. Dyslexic condition is our obstacles in higher level skills like abstract reasoning, attention, memory and time planning and organisation. Even the impact of dyslexic is reflected in an individual life beyond curriculum.

Even its impact in personal and is social life. 

Causes

• Genetic factors.
• Neurological impairment.
• Brain injury and impairment in brain architecture.
• Biological Dysfunction.
• Other causes includes  Parental, Natal and Post Natal.

Symptoms

• Difficulty in reading and writing.
• Difficulty in grasping the lecture and reproduce it.
• Hassle in copying from the board or book.
• Constant conflict between right and left. Dominance on either side usually is not established. 
• Difficulty in understanding the rhythm of music.
• Reproducing the sequence of things and remembering more than one item at a time is difficult.
• Feeling of depressed and withdrawn from the environment.

Complications

• Low self Esteem and self-confidence.
• Behavioral Problems
• Anxiety
• Aggression
• Withdrawal from parents, friends and teachers.

      OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY                                                                                                     

• To find out whether there was any significant difference on heart rate due to yogic practices among Urban School boys suffering with Dyslexia. 
• To find out whether there was any significant difference on anxiety due to yogic practices among Urban School boys suffering with Dyslexia.  

 

      STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM           

 The purpose of the study was to find out the effect of yogic practices on heart rate and anxiety among Urban School boys suffering with Dyslexia.

HYPOTHESIS

It was hypothesized that there would be significant differences on Heart rate and anxiety among Urban School boys suffering with Dyslexia due to yogic practices than the control group.

DELIMITATIONS

• The study would be delimited  to the Urban School boys suffering with Dyslexia only
• The age group of the subjects would be aged between eight and twelve years only.
• The study would be delimited to Urban School boys suffering with Dyslexia residing in Chennai only.
• The study would be delimited to the Independent variable Yogic practices only.
• The study would be delimited to the following dependent variables only.
• Heart Rate
• Anxiety

LIMITATIONS

• The factors like life style, body structure, and social activities were not taken in to consideration for this study.
• The factors like family heredity and motivational factors were not taken into consideration for this study.
• Certain factors like environmental and climatic conditions, economical background and also day to day work were not taken into consideration.
• The factors like diet, medication and personal habits were not taken in to consideration for the study.

 

 

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Kim S.S (2017) studied the intellectual disability of 24 men with intellectual dysfunctioning yet has the capacity to learn were randomly put into aerobic exercise, half bath and control group with each group had eight subjects. They were subjected to twelve week of training  including aerobic group did treadmill and stationary bicycle, half bath group were made to sit in 39-40°C bath for 10 minutes. The pre and post-test on body composition, heart rate, respiratory and circulatory parameters. The pre post analysis collected data indicates that aerobic practise showed improvement in vascular functions among men with intellectual disabilities. 

Pandey Richa et.al., (2017)  found the effect of Psycho yogic ayurvedic package  in handling stress among Dyslexic Children. The study emphasized the impact of combination of Yoga and Ayurveda in the life of Dyslexic boys and girls. Stress plays a major role in Dyslexic subjects as it can have negative impact on their personality and behaviour. Yoga and ayurveda on the other hand works efficiently in warding off the stress and tension among dyslexic boys and girls. It also promised the individual sense of well-being physically as well as mentally through the practise of asana, pranayama and Ayurveda drugs in addition to improving the reading speed, memory, concentration and stress level among dyslexic boys and girls. 

      METHODOLOGY                                                                                              

  To achieve the purpose of the random group experimental study, 60 Urban School boys suffering with Dyslexia aged between eight and twelve years through random group sampling method and reduced to 30 subjects again through random selection and divided into two groups. One group would be of yogic practices and the other would be taken as control group. The dependent variables chosen are Heart rate and Anxiety. Random group experimental design is used. The practice of yoga techniques like Asana, Pranayama, Meditation, Mudra, etc. helps to overcome any imbalances and creates harmony in the physical, mental, psychological and spiritual aspects of human personality. The experimental groups underwent training period of Six days per week for the maximum of an hour in the morning for eight weeks. The Analysis of co-variance (ANCOVA) is to be used as a statistical technique to find out the significant differences between the groups. The level of significance is 0.05%. 

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS TABLE I COMPUTATION OF ANALYSIS OF COVARIANCE OF TRAINING GROUP AND CONTROL GROUP ON HEART RATE (Scores in beats per minute)

TEST	GROUP 1 YOGIC PRACTICES	GROUP2 CONTROL  GROUP	SOURCE OF VARIANCE	DEGREES OF FREEDOM	SUM  OF SQUARES	MEAN SUM  OF  SQUARE S	F- RATIO
Pre	97.07	96.80	Between	1	96.80	96.80	0.95
			With in	28	2847.33	101.69
Post	79.93	96.60	Between	1	2083.33	2083.33	30.95*
			With in	28	1884.53	67.30
Adjust ed Post	79.85	96.68	Between	1	2123.19	2123.19	66.93*
			With in	27	856.53	31.72

*Significant at 0.05 level of confidence. (Table F-ratio at 0.05 level of confidence for 1 and 28 (df) =4.2, 1 and 27 (df) =4.21)

The obtained F value on pre test scores 0.95 was lesser than the recommended F value of 4.2 to be significant at 0.05 level. This shows that there was no significant difference between the groups before the training period. There is significant difference between groups after the completion of training program, as obtained F value 30.95 was greater than the required F value of 4.20. This proved that the differences between the post-test means of the subject were significant. On account of adjusted pre-post-test mean scores, the obtained F value 66.93 was greater than the required F value of 4.21. This proved that there was a significant difference among the means due to eight weeks of yogic practices on Heart Rate in line with the study conducted by Kim S.S (2017). The ordered adjusted means on Heart Rate were presented through bar diagram for better interpretation of the outcome of this study in Figure -1. 

 

Figure – 1 BAR DIAGRAM SHOWING THE MEAN DIFFERENCES AMONG THE GROUPS ON HEART RATE (Scores in beats/min)

 

* Significant at 0.05 level of confidence

 

TABLE-II COMPUTATION OF ANALYSIS OF COVARIANCE OF TRAINING GROUPS AND CONTROL GROUP ON ANXIETY (SCORES IN MARKS)

 

TEST	GROUP I YOGIC  PRACTICES	GROUP 2 CONTROL GROUP	SOURCE OF VARIANCE	DEGREES OF FREEDOM	SUM  OF SQUARES	MEAN  SUM  OF SQUARES	F- RATIO
Pre	25.87	26	Between	1	26	26	1.35
			With in	28	371.73	13.28
Post	14.00	26.27	Between	1	1128.53	1128.53	148.40*
			With in	28	212.93	7.60
Adjusted Post	14.02	26.24	Between	1	1119.77	1119.77	178.32*
			With in	27	169.54	6.28

   *Significant at 0.05 level of confidence.(Table F-ratio at 0.05 level of confidence for 1 and 28 (df) =4.2, 1 and 27 (df) =4.21)

 The obtained F value on pre test scores 1.35 was lesser than the recommended F value of 4.2 to be significant at 0.05 level. This shows that there was no significant difference between the groups before the training period. There is significant difference between groups after the completion of training program, as obtained F value 170.79 was greater than the required F value of 4.20. This proved that the differences between the post-test means of the subject were significant. On account of adjusted pre-post-test mean scores, the obtained F value 216.07 was greater than the required F value of 4.21. This proved that there was a significant difference among the means due to eight weeks of yogic practices on Anxiety in line with the study conducted by Pandey Richa (2017). The ordered adjusted means on Anxiety were presented through bar diagram for better interpretation of the outcome of this study in Figure -2. 

 

Figure 2 BAR DIAGRAM SHOWING THE MEAN DIFFERENCE AMONG EXPERIMENTAL AND CONTROL GROUPS ON ANXIETY (Score in Marks)

 

  * Significant at 0.05 level of confidence

The outcome of the study exhibits that Heart rate decreased and anxiety reduced significantly due to Yogic Practices for Group-I than Group II. Hence the hypothesis was accepted at 0.05 level of confidence. 

The above findings were also substantiated by the observations made by experts such as Kim S.S (2017) and Pandey Richa (2017).

DISCUSSION ON HYPOTHESIS 

It was hypothesized that there would be significant differences on selected Physiological variable such as Heart rate and Psychological variable such as Anxiety due to Yogic Practices among Experimental Group than the control group. The results proved that there were significant differences on Heart Rate (Decreased) and Anxiety(Reduced) due to Yogic Practices than the control group among Urban School boys suffering with Dyslexiaat 0.05 level of significance.

CONCLUSION

            It was concluded that Heart Rate (Decreased) and Anxiety (Reduced) among experimental group I compared to control group due to Yogic Practices among Urban School Boys suffering with Dyslexia. Hence, Yogic practices are good for Urban School boys suffering with Dyslexia to maintain healthy Heart rate and to reduce Anxiety.

REFERENCES

• Kim, S. S. (2017). Effects of endurance exercise and half-bath on body composition, cardiorespiratory system, and arterial pulse wave velocity in men with intellectual disabilities. Journal of physical therapy science, 29(7), 1216-1218
• Pandey, R., Rana, P., & Upadhyay, P. S. (2017). Management of stress in dyslexic children through Psycho-Yogic-Ayurvedic package. International Journal of Research in Social Sciences, 7(3), 302-326..